APPLICATION SOLUTION

Smart Electric Gripper Torque Control Solution

Powered by a stepper driver with integrated motion control, closed-loop encoder and torque control mode · No PLC required · Adjustable, verifiable gripping force · Programmed via host PC software · Standalone operation in production

1. Solution Overview

Conventional pneumatic grippers offer poorly regulated gripping force that drifts with air supply fluctuations and fixed opening strokes; conventional electric grippers usually need a layered "controller + drive" architecture with complex wiring and high cost. This solution is built around a closed-loop stepper driver with integrated motion control, now adding a torque control mode: path editing, coordinate management, IO trigger logic and torque-clamping logic all run inside the driver. Together with the gripper body and a handful of sensors, it forms a complete smart electric gripper system. The approach phase uses position control for accurate jaw opening; on workpiece contact the drive automatically switches to torque hold, making gripping force precisely determined by the target torque — controllable, adjustable and repeatable — while a "torque reached" output gives production lines hard evidence of whether the part is really held. Engineering is done with host PC software; once downloaded, programs run standalone in production. Widely used in machine tending, sorting and picking, assembly pressing, and fragile-part handling.

2. System Architecture

Architecture

Host PC Software Path Programming · Debug · Monitoring Program Download · Config Integrated Motion Control Closed-Loop Stepper Driver 100-Segment Paths Torque Control Mode Dual Coordinates IO Trigger Logic Multi-Path Storage · Closed-Loop Encoder · Homing Origin Sensor IO Trigger Stop E-Stop · Limit Switches IO Trigger Stop Start · Part-Present Sensor IO Trigger Motion Trigger level: High / Low selectable Power Stepper Motor Built-in Encoder Encoder Feedback Gripper Body Two-Jaw Mechanism Grip / Release · Torque Hold

Control and drive merged into one: sensors and buttons connect straight to the driver's IO — no motion controller or PLC programming required

Gripper Construction

Stepper Motor (Encoder) Coupling Gripper Body (Aluminum) Part Gripping Force F Screw (Lead P) Ball Nut Linear Guide Wedge Cam Two Jaws Torque mode: after contact, jaws hold at the target torque — gripping force F ≈ 2π × T × η ÷ P (P = lead)

3. Core Features

① 100-Segment Motion Path Editing

Each segment is a motion segment or a wait segment. Motion segments define wait-before-start time, target revolutions, absolute/relative mode, speed and accel/decel, with optional smooth blending between segments.

Value: up to 100 segments per cycle — open, approach, grip, transfer and release are all choreographed in one pass.

② Torque Control Mode (Core of Flexible Gripping)

Motion segments can carry a torque limit / target torque: the approach phase uses position control for accurate opening; on workpiece contact the drive automatically switches to torque hold, so gripping force is precisely determined by the target torque, and a "torque reached" status output lets the line verify the result.

Value: gripping force is controllable and adjustable — fragile and thin-wall parts are held firmly without damage; grip success / failure has a hard signal, so no unclamped part escapes.

③ Machine + Workpiece Dual Coordinate System

Machine coordinates are established at power-up; users define their own workpiece coordinates (jaw zero / part datum) and write path programs in workpiece coordinates.

Value: at product changeover, simply re-teach the jaw zero — path programs need zero modification.

④ Return to Workpiece Origin

A return-to-origin command, combined with the origin sensor and the standard homing procedure, quickly re-establishes the jaw-zero reference at every power-up.

Value: opening accuracy stays consistent over time; one-click recovery after shift or model changes.

⑤ Multi-Path Storage & Switching

Multiple path programs can be stored in the driver and switched as assigned in the host PC software.

Value: one path set per product — or one shared path with different torque levels / workpiece offsets. One gripper, many jobs.

⑥ IO Trigger Motion / IO Trigger Stop

External sensors, buttons or PLC signals trigger gripping or stopping directly; the active trigger level (high/low) is selectable, and bindings are programmed in the host software.

Value: grip only when part is present, cycle interlocks and safety stops are all hard-wired — production-line integration with zero rewiring.

⑦ Closed-Loop Encoder · No Lost Steps · Stall Detection

The built-in encoder feeds position back in real time: no lost steps during opening/closing and stable repeat positioning; stall detection raises an alarm on abnormal position.

Value: high opening repeatability; during torque hold the result is judged by "torque reached", so normal gripping never raises false alarms.

⑧ Host PC Programming · Online Commissioning / Standalone Production

Online during commissioning: path editing, single-segment trial runs, coordinate teaching, torque level tuning and status monitoring. In production, programs run standalone after download.

Value: fast engineering; production independent of a PC — robust and easy to maintain.

Feature Diagrams

Seg 1 Seg 100 Motion Wait Motion: target · speed · accel/decel · torque limit Wait: wait-before-start · grip hold time

Up to 100 segments per cycle — a complete sequence in one pass

Torque Control: Adjustable Force Torque Time Target torque Approach Grip hold Release After contact, torque holds at target — no part damage

Constant target torque — consistent gripping force

Machine Coordinates (mm) 02040 6080 Jaw Zero Offset 40 mm Open Point Close Point Re-teach the jaw zero at changeover; path data unchanged

Machine coordinates set the boundaries; workpiece coordinates program the grip

4. Typical Applications

Machine Tending

Works with chucks and fixtures: part-present signal triggers gripping, the "torque reached" output releases the cycle — firm grip, stable takt time.

Sorting & Picking

Grip as soon as parts arrive on the conveyor; multiple path sets adapt to multiple product variants without stopping the line.

Fragile / Flexible Parts

Glass bottles, thin-wall stampings, soft rubber parts: torque level set by part stiffness — held firmly without damage or deformation.

Assembly Pressing Assist

Press bushings and snap-fits at low speed under torque limit, stop right at seating — verified by both position and torque.

Multi-Product Changeover

Workpiece coordinates + torque levels switch with the product; path programs unchanged — changeover in minutes.

5. Configuration Example (Machine-Tending Gripper)

IO Configuration Example

TerminalFunctionSignal TypeRole
IN1E-stopNCTrigger stop (failsafe: stops on wire break)
IN2 / IN3+ / − Limit switchesNCTravel boundary protection, trigger stop
IN4Origin sensorNOPower-up homing reference (jaw zero)
IN5Start button / foot switchNOTriggers the gripping path
IN6Part-present sensorNOGrip only when part is present / interlock
OUT1Grip done (torque reached)Releases the PLC / line to proceed
OUT2Alarm outputGrip failure or stall — buzzer or reject interlock

Torque Grip Path Example (workpiece coordinates, origin = jaw zero, example open 12 mm, closed 3 mm)

SegTypeTarget (Absolute)Speed / NotesAction
1Motion+12 mm (open standby)High speedOpen to standby
2Motion+4 mm (pre-grip)High speedFast close to just beside the part
3Motion+3 mm (contact)Low speed · torque limitLow-speed closing; auto switch to torque hold on contact
4WaitTorque hold 0.5~2 sClamp at target torque and transfer
5Motion+12 mmHigh speedOpen and release

Grip Cycle in Motion

Jaw Opening (mm) Time 12430 Open Standby Fast Close Slow Close Torque Hold · Transfer Open Release Pre-grip Torque hold 0.5~2 s High speedLow speed · torque limitHigh speed

The position–time profile maps one-to-one to the path table: the slow-close segment touches the part under torque limit, and the torque-hold segment completes clamping and transfer

Power-Up Homing Procedure

Press homing button
Search origin at low speed
IO trigger stop
Set jaw zero
Return to origin
Ready lamp on

*Example configuration only; actual terminals, segment count and parameters depend on the selected model. At changeover, only re-teach the jaw zero and adjust the torque level — paths remain unchanged.

6. Sizing & Torque Conversion

Gripping force: F (N) ≈ 2π × Target torque (N·m) × Drive efficiency η ÷ Lead (m)  (Ball-screw drive η≈0.9, trapezoidal screw η≈0.35)
Target torque: Target torque = Motor rated torque × Torque level %  (set 1%~100% in the host software, stored per product)
Example: 0.4 N·m motor × 40% level = 0.16 N·m; lead 5 mm, η≈0.9 → F ≈ 2π × 0.16 × 0.9 ÷ 0.005 ≈ 181 N

Sizing tips:

· Tune torque levels from low to high until parts are "held firmly without damage", then archive per product;
· Power-off drop prevention: choose a self-locking (trapezoidal) screw or add a brake;
· Validate torque levels on empty jaws / soft test parts before running production parts; size the stroke for the largest part plus 5~10 mm margin.

7. Solution Advantages

No Part DamageTorque control makes gripping force adjustable and precise — fragile, thin-wall and soft parts are held firmly and gently.
Verifiable Grip"Torque reached" output + encoder position monitoring give a hard grip-success signal — no unclamped part escapes.
Lower CostNo PLC or motion controller — one driver covers control, drive and torque logic.
Faster ChangeoverWorkpiece coordinates + multi-path + torque levels: new models need parameter changes only, never reprogramming.
Higher ReliabilityClosed-loop, no-lost-step control, stall detection, plus limit and e-stop IO protection in layers.

8. Delivery Process

Requirement Review
Sizing
Path Programming
Online Commissioning
Torque Tuning
Standalone Production

Note: Actual feature configuration depends on the selected model.

Product Consultation